The Ancient Babylonian Kingdom (1894 - 1595 BC) was located in the Mesopotamian Plain, roughly within the territory of today's Republic of Iraq, where people established a state around 5,000 years ago and by the 18th century BC. Ancient Babylonian kingdoms emerged here. "It is also known as the Two Rivers Basin, an ancient Greek word meaning "the place in the middle of two rivers". The two rivers are the Euphrates and the Tigris. On this plain, the world's first city was developed, the Code of Hammurabi was enacted, and the earliest epics, myths, pharmacopoeias, and farmers' calendars were circulated, making it the cradle of Western civilization.